Poppy Seeds are oil seeds obtained from poppy ( Papaver somniferum ). Kidney-shaped small seeds have been harvested from dried seed pods by various civilizations for thousands of years. It is still widely used in many countries, especially in Central Europe, where it is legally planted and sold in stores. The seeds are used, whole or ground, as ingredients in many foods - especially in cakes and bread, and they are pressed to produce poppyseed oil.
Video Poppy seed
History
Poppy seeds are mentioned in the ancient medical text of many civilizations. For example, an Egyptian papyrus scroll called Ebers Papyrus, written c. 1550 BC, list of poppy seeds as a sedative. Minoan civilizations (around 2700 to 1450 BC), Bronze Age civilizations that appeared on the island of Crete, planted poppy flowers for their seeds, and used a mixture of milk, opium and honey to calm a crying baby. The Sumerians are another civilization known to plant poppy seeds. Poppy seeds have long been used as traditional remedies to help sleep, increase fertility and wealth, and even to provide magical powers that are considered to be invisible.
Maps Poppy seed
Natural history
Poppy seeds are less than a millimeter in length, kidney-shaped, and have pitted surfaces. It takes 3,300 poppy seeds to make one gram, and between 1 to 2 million seeds to make a pound. The main taste compound is 2-Pentilfuran.
To some extent, the harvest for opium seeds contradicts the harvest for opium. Poppy seeds with superior quality are harvested when it is ripe, after the pod seeds dry. Traditionally, opium is harvested while green pods and latex are abundant, but when the beans are just beginning to grow.
Other poppy seeds are not eaten, but they are cultivated for the flowers they produce. Annual flowers and biennial poppy flowers are considered a good choice to be grown from seeds because they are not difficult to be reproduced by this method, and can be put directly on the ground during January. Poppy California ( Eschscholzia californica ), for example, is a striking orange wild flower that grows in the Western and North West States.
World production
Poppy seed harvest can be a byproduct of opium poppy cultivation for opium, poppy straw, or opium and poppy straw. Conversely, poppy straw can be a by-product of poppy seed cultivation. Compared to seeds and straw, the seeds contain very low opiates. The seeds may be washed to get poppy tea but a large amount is needed, about 300-400g depending on the level of opiates.
According to The Joy of Cooking , "the most desirable comes from the Netherlands and is blue-slate." The color of poppy seeds is important in some uses. When used as a thickener in some dishes, white poppy seeds are preferred, have little impact on the color of the food. In other dishes, black poppy seeds are preferred, for maximum impact.
Because poppy seeds are relatively expensive, they are sometimes mixed with the seeds of Amaranthus paniculatus, which are very much like poppy seeds.
Nutrition
In amounts of 100 grams, the seeds of opium give 525 Calories and are a rich source of thiamin, folate, and some important minerals, including calcium, iron, magnesium, manganese, phosphorus and zinc (tables). Poppy seeds consist of 6% water, 28% carbohydrates, 42% fat, and 21% protein (tables).
Use in food and cooking
Whole seed
Whole poppy seeds are widely used as a spice and decoration in and above a lot of baked goods. In North America they are used in and on many foods such as poppyseed muffins, rusks, bagels (such as Montreal style bagels), bialys, and cakes like sponge cake. Across Europe, bread and soft white bread cakes are often sprinkled on top with black and white poppy seeds (eg Cozonac, Kalach Kolache and, Ko? Acz).
Blue poppy seeds are used in a variety of German bread and desserts as well as in Polish cuisine. Like sesame seeds, poppy seeds are often added to hamburger buns. Le Snak is a food product made by Uncle Toby of New Zealand, consisting of three poppy-seed crackers and some semi-solid cheeses.
Paste
The contents of the pastries are sometimes made from finely ground poppy seeds mixed with butter or milk and sugar. The soil filler is used in poppy seed rolls and some croissants and may be flavored with lemon or orange, rum and vanilla skin with raisins, thick cream, cinnamon, and almonds or reeds that have been chopped. For sweetly roasted foods, sometimes not sugar a tablespoon of jam, or other sweet binder, such as syrup replaced. Poppy seeds for fillings are best when they are ground smooth and new as this will make a big difference in the texture and taste of the food. Some recipes for Mohnstriezel use poppy seeds that are immersed in water for two hours or boiled in milk. A recipe for Ukrainian poppyseed cake recommends preparing the seeds by soaking in boiling water, straining and soaking in milk overnight.
Poppy seeds can be ground using generic tools such as mortar and pestle or small domestic type electric knife grinder, or special purpose poppy seed grinder. Poppy seed mill (mill) is a kind of thorn grinder with a set of openings that are too narrow for poppy seeds intact to skip. A thorn grinder produces a more uniform and less oily paste than this other tool.
Poppy seed paste is commercially available, in cans. Poppy seeds are very high in oil, so commercial pastes usually contain sugar, water, and emulsifiers such as soy lecithin to keep the pasta apart. Commercial pastas also contain food preservatives to keep them from becoming rancid.
In the United States, commercial pastes are marketed under trademarks including Solo and American Almonds. Per serving of 30 grams, American Almond poppy seed paste has 120 calories, 4.5 grams of fat, and 2 grams of protein.
Poppy seeds can also be used like sesame seeds to make a piece of candy. Bar made from boiled seeds mixed with sugar or with honey. This is very common in the Balkans, Greece and even in the cuisine of the former Austro-Hungarian countries.
Use with cooking
Poppy seeds are used worldwide in a variety of dishes.
In India, Iran and Turkey poppy seeds are known as' typical 'or' ha? Ha?' and is considered highly nutritious, mostly added in dough while baking bread, and recommended for pregnant women and new mothers.
European cuisine
The czech blue poppy seed (Papaver somniferum food safety culture) is widely consumed in many parts of Central and Eastern Europe. Grain-milled grinders are eaten with pasta, or boiled with milk and used as stuffing or topping on various types of sweet cakes. Ripe grinding is done either industrially or at home, where it is generally done with a manual opium seed mill.
Blue poppy seeds are widely used in Austrian, Croatian, Czech, German, Hungarian, Lithuanian, Polish, Romanian, Russian, Slovak, Turkish, and Ukrainian cuisine.
The countries of former Yugoslavia (mainly Macedonia and Serbia, but also Croatia and Bosnia) have a long tradition of preparing poppy seed cakes (strudel, baklava, pajgle) and dishes (poppy paste).
In Poland, Lithuania, and Eastern Slovakia, traditional desserts are prepared for dinner from poppy seeds. They are ground and mixed with water or milk; round yeast biscuits ( k like in Lithuanian opekance or bobalky in Slovak) are soaked in poppy seeds produced 'milk' ( poppy milk) and served cold.
In Central Europe, poppy strudel is very popular, especially during Christmas. In Germany, Poland and countries that belong to the former Austro-Hungarian Empire, the poppy seed cakes called Mohnkuchen are often eaten around Christmas time.
Jewish Cuisine
In Eastern European Jewish cuisine, the cakes filled with black poppy seeds in a sweet paste are traditional during Purim, which occurred exactly one month before Easter and approximately one month before Easter. Traditional cakes include poppy seed kalács and hamantashen, both of which are sometimes known as beigli (also spelled bejgli ). Poppy seed hamantashen is the main traditional food eaten by the Ashkenazi Jews in Purim until replenishment is replaced with fruit and other beans. Poppy seed pastries are common in bakeries and Jewish food stores across the United States.
Indian cuisine
In Indian cuisine, white poppy seeds are added to the thickness, texture and also add flavor to the recipe. Generally used in the manufacture of korma, ground poppy seeds, along with coconut and other spices, are combined as a paste, which will be added to the last stage of cooking. It is quite difficult to grind it when it is raw, so it is usually baked/baked and added water while grinding to get the right consistency.
Kata-kata untuk pasta biji poppy termasuk Assamese - Aafu guti (????) , Hindi/Marathi - Spesies Khas (????), Odia - Posta , Bengali - Posto , Kannada - Gasagase (?????) atau Telugu gasagasa atau gasagasaalu atau Tamil Kasa kasaa (?????) atau Malayalam - (?????) .
Poppy seeds are widely used in Maharashtrian cuisine, Gujarati cuisine, Andhra cuisine, Bihari cuisine, Bengali cuisine, Odia cuisine, and Malabar cuisine (North Kerala).
In Maharashtra, poppy seeds (called ?? in Marathi) are used for anarsa decoration (??????), a special sweetener prepared during the Diwali festival. It was also added to boiling milk occasionally.
In Gujarat, poppy seeds are widely used in sweets. The most common use is to decorate Indian traditional cakes - Ladoo.
In Bengal (West Bengal and Bangladesh), white poppy seeds are called posto ??????). They are very popular and are used as the main ingredient in a variety of dishes. One of the most popular dishes is aloo posto (potatoes and poppy seeds) consisting of a large amount of ground poppy seeds cooked together with potatoes and made into a rich rich product, sometimes eaten with rice. There are many variants for this basic dish, replacing or supplementing potatoes with ingredients such as onions (pnyaj posto), squashy posto, Luffa (jhinge posto), chicken (murgi posto), and perhaps the most popular shrimp. (chingri posto). The cooked poppy seeds are sometimes served without the accompanying ingredients at all. The consistency of the dishes may vary depending on local traditions or households. There are many other posto dishes. Chadachadi is a dish of Bengali cuisine and includes long pieces of vegetables, sometimes with stalks of added green vegetables, all seasoned with spices such as mustard or poppy seeds and flavored with phoron. One dish involves baking bread made from posto , sometimes frying it ( posto-r bora ). Other dishes include mixing raw ground poppy seed (kancha posto) with mustard oil, chopped green chilli, fresh onion and rice.
In Karnataka cuisine, Gasagase Payasa (Kannada: ????????) is very popular in the southern state of Karnataka in South India. This is a liquid dessert made from white poppy seeds, jaggery, coconut and milk. Andhra cuisine also uses white poppy seeds, called Gasaalu (?????) in Telugu, in various recipes.
The seed itself does not contain a significant amount of opiates. But poppy tea consumed in some areas and often referred to as prayer has been controversial because it contains opium poppy plant, especially the head of the seed, and contains significant opiate levels. Popular in some South Asian communities, doda is made by grinding dry poppy skin or poppy seed into fine powder and then mixing it with hot water or tea. In Canada, prayers are made from poppy plants brought from Afghanistan and Arizona under the guise of legal purposes such as bouquets, but are illegally sold from some meat markets.
Masakan Kashmir
The white poppy seed called khashkhash (?????) is very important for this kind of cake called Kulcha (?????). Kulcha can be salty (namkeen) or sweet (Qandi). Both types are covered above with a white poppy seed coating.
Other uses
In traditional Indian medicine (Ayurveda), poppy seeds are ground into a fine paste with milk and applied to the skin as a moisturizer.
Poppy seeds are pressed to form poppyseed oil, a valuable commercial oil that has many culinary, industrial, and medicine uses.
Whole poppy seeds also have medical uses: in simple, accurate, and inexpensive tests for vesicointestinal fistula (see Poppy seed test).
They are often used as bird seeds, in which case they are usually called maw seeds.
Health effects
Allergies (type 1 hypersensitivity) to poppy seeds are rare, but have been reported and can cause anaphylaxis. There is a potential risk of poppy seed skin causing diverticulitis.
False-positive drug test
Although drug opiates are produced by "milking" latex from raw fruits ("pod seeds") rather than from seeds, all plant parts can contain or carry opium alkaloids, especially morphine and codeine. This means that eating foods (eg, muffins) containing poppy seeds can produce false positives for opiates in drug tests. But the results given will not be the same for someone who uses opiates.
The level of morphine in the seeds of opium ranges from 4-200 mg/kg. According to an article published in the Medical Science Law Journal, after consuming "one or two curry meals containing various amounts of washed beans" in which the total morphine content is in the range of 58.4 to 62.2 Âμg/g seed, urinary morphine levels were found to be as high as 1.27 Âμg/mL (1,270 ng ng/mL) of urine. Another article in the Journal of Forensic Science reports that morphine concentrations in some seeds may be as high as 251 Âμg/g. In both studies codine is also present in seeds in smaller concentrations. Therefore, it is possible to cross the current standard 2,000 ng/mL detection limit, depending on the potential of the swallowed seed and quantity. Some toxicology labs continue to use a cutoff rate of 300 ng/mL.
The "Poppy Seed Drug Test" episode of the "Poppy Seed Drug Test" episode of the "Poppy Seed Drug Test" episode shows that eating poppy seed bread and poppy seed bagel resulted in both hosts testing positive for opiate use 30 minutes later.
A fictitious example of a false-positive test in popular culture is in the Seinfeld episode of The Shower Head, where the character of Elaine Benes is not allowed to visit Kalahari Bushmen with J. Peterman after being tested positive for opium from the consumption of muffin seed poppy.
The sale of poppy seeds from Papaver somniferum is banned in Singapore because of the morphine content. Poppy seeds are also banned in Taiwan, primarily because of the risk that viable seeds will be sold and used to plant opium flowers. China prohibits a mixture of spices made from dried grain and poppyseed due to traces of opium in it, and since at least 2005. Despite its current use in Arab cuisine as a bread spice, poppy seeds are also banned in Saudi Arabia due to various religions and reasons drug control. In one extreme case in the United Arab Emirates, poppy seeds found on a traveler's outfit led to imprisonment. Concern was raised in Malaysia by MP Datuk Mohd Said Yusof who claimed in 2005 that mamak restaurants use poppy seeds in their cooking to make customers addicted.
International travelers
Since poppy seeds cause false-positive results in drug tests, it is advisable at airports in India not to take them to other countries, where this can result in punishment based on false-positive results. Tourists to the United Arab Emirates are particularly vulnerable to difficulties and severe penalties.
In Singapore, poppy seeds are classified as "forbidden goods" by the Central Narcotics Bureau (CNB).
See also
- List of poppy cake and picnic dishes
References
Further reading
- Jen? BernÃÆ'¡th. Poppy: The Genus Papaver . CRC Press, 1998. ISBNÃ, 978-90-5702-271-5.
External links
- Traditional Bengali Recipes use Poppy and Potato Seeds
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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