Individual events in speech include public speaking, acting, reading, and interpretation. Competition of competitive speech and debate consists of forensic fields. The forensic league has a number of speeches, generally determined by geographical area or league preference. Forensic leagues in the United States include the National Speech and Debate Association, the American Forensics Association, the National Forensics Association, and Stoa USA. Organized competitions are held at the secondary and college level.
Video Individual events (speech)
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Oratorium Asli
The Original Oratory, or Oratorium, is one of the most common speech events and is the only public speaking event in the National Forensic National League Tournament. In the Original Oratory, participants prepare an original speech that may be informative or persuasive. Competitors can use one speech for the entire season. The purpose of the Oratory is to inspire confidence or strengthen beliefs.
At the secondary school level, speeches are generally delivered without visual aids or notes. In many leagues (including two US tournaments), the number of words quoted directly from other sources in a limited speech; in NFL nationals, the limit is 150 words. Speeches are usually eight to ten minutes long, with frequent warnings when permitted time has expired; most tournaments have a 30-second grace period.
Persuasion
Persuasion is often considered the equivalent of the Oratorium college. The focus of the event is to change, strengthen, or instill attitudes, beliefs, and values ​​of the audience. Although some rules determine what topics or formats are allowed in persuasion, most persuasion speeches are policy-based; speakers advocate specific policy proposals to meet needs, offer their recommendations in solution-cause-solution format or cause-and-effect-solution format. In 2006, the winning persuasion topic at the American Forensics Association (AFA) and the National Forensics Association (NFA) was how to improve teacher retention and encourage citizens to correspond with their congressmen.
Informative
Informative Speaking, also known as the Expository Address, is a speech intended to inform the audience. This speech ranges from the latest and latest technology discoveries from around the world to cure cancer to light topics, such as Wikipedia. The topic must be timely, interesting, and something that is not easily understood by the general public. Speaker's job is to make complex topics easier to understand. In the competition between colleges, the time limit is ten minutes and the speech is usually memorized. In high school competition, deadlines vary by US state. Some informative speeches use visual aids; visual aids and word games (or word games) are emphasized in California, although both are not needed.
Declamation
Declamation, or memorization of speech, is the interpretation and presentation of secondary schools of unoriginal speech. Speeches may be historical (like Martin Luther King Jr.'s "I Have a Dream") or adapted from magazine articles, address events, or other adaptations of non-original material (including forensic speeches from previous years). Declamation is generally persuasive, and competition is similar to the Original Oratory. Like the Oratorium, the speech is about eight minutes.
Rhetorical criticism
Rhetorical criticism, or communication analysis, is an individual event in which the speaker has ten minutes to deliver a speech. Speeches usually consist of introduction, presentation of rhetorical artifacts, theory or communication models, application of communication theory to artifacts, implications of the analysis, and conclusions.
The artifacts can be very important, such as books, speeches, ad campaigns, or protest movements. The speaker identifies the goal the artifacts want to achieve. They then choose a model of analysis form (usually borrowed from a communication scholar) to determine the effectiveness of the artifact in achieving its objectives; for example, in analyzing anti-smoking campaigns, speakers can choose a model that addresses the most effective methods of using fear to persuade a mass audience. They will then apply the model to the artifact and draw conclusions about the strengths and weaknesses of the artifact, the success or failure of the model as an analytical tool, and other insights gained from the analysis.
Special talks-times
Lectures on special occasions, high school events, are similar to the Oratorium but focus on lighter subjects and discuss specific audiences. Although comedy is often heard in special occasions, the comedy should not diminish the message the speaker is trying to convey. This speech is not as persuasive as in the Oratory, but can be designed to inform. Speech usually lasts six to eight minutes.
After dinner talk
After-dinner speaking (ADS) is a public-address event that makes greater sense of important topics with humor. Although it can take the form of accepted public speaking structures, it often takes the form of informative or persuasive speech. The event covers a wide range of topics, but the use of humor is essential for its implementation. Speech should not use basic humor, but should be topical and relevant to the ideas presented. This type of speech, found at the college level, usually lasts six to eight minutes. In general, it is a funny speech with a serious tone or point.
Limited preparation events
Limited preparation events are events where speakers have no prior knowledge of the speeches they will give, with the amount of preparation time set for writing short speeches. Preparation times vary by event and range from two minutes to an hour, after which the competitors deliver their speeches.
Broadcasting
Radio speech is a prepared event that includes news and advertisements. Speakers receive packages with multiple stories (generally two international, two national, and two local), and have to edit and arrange these stories into five minute newscasts. Preparation times vary by country from 15 to 45 minutes. The transition is expected to be smooth, and the news broadcast should be as close to five minutes as possible. Assessment is based on reading the clarity, adherence to the time limit, and the appeal of the selected story.
Unsaved talk
Talking nonstop is a given speech with little preparation, and is a mainstay of most speech competitions. At the beginning of the round, the speaker is usually given three questions relating to current events and asked to choose one question to prepare the speech. During the preparatory period (usually thirty minutes), magazines can be used to prepare speeches. Speeches, presented with or without notes, are four to seven minutes long. Although some high school competitions divide languages ​​that do not speak into domestic and international categories, some college competitions do so.
Spontaneous talk
In spontaneous speech, a competitor is given a topic (usually a word or phrase that may be a person, thing, a famous saying, a lesser-known quote, current event, or object) and writes a speech based on a prompt. An impromptu speech usually lasts four to six minutes (with 15 seconds to seven minutes of preparation time), but other tournaments have no time limit on preparation or length of talk. Assessing usually focuses on the ability to speak (such as pronunciation, velocity, and vocal variation), creativity, and the overall balance of speech (such as the approximately equivalent length and length of recognition and corresponding conclusions). In many countries, spontaneous speech is a contest combining wit and humor with insight; speech should be funny, but also have a point.
External Comment
Competitors in the Short Comments are given national, regional or local topics, and prepare a speech on the topic during the preparatory period. Judging focuses on the quality of vocal presentations, speech organizations, and the use of resources to support assertions. Speeches are usually served sitting. According to the National Forensic League, this event mimics the work of media commentators who talk about trends or community issues.
Unlimited programmable readout
Unlimited programmed readings are high school tournaments in North Dakota. This is more like an interpretation than a limited preparation event, because each round is an interpretation; however, different in each competitor received a cut for each round in a one-hour withdrawal and read and cut pieces for interpretation. Three types of interpretation are represented in different rounds, one of which is used for the final: humor, serious, and poetry. Each competitor has seven minutes to deliver an interpretation of the cut before the judge.
Storytelling
In storytelling, high school events, competitors are given children's books, fairy tales, fairy tales, myths, legends, or ghost stories to read. They have half an hour to read the given part and rearrange it in their own words before presenting their version to the judge in less than eight minutes. Stage make-up, costumes, and property are prohibited. Different sounds and characters are used, and each character must be easily distinguishable.
Apologetics
In the NCFCA and Stoa USA events, participants were given four minutes to prepare a six-minute speech on a question related to Christianity. These questions are published online at the beginning, and the rules are generally the same as spontaneous speech.
Event acting and interpretation
Drama Interpretation
In Dramatic Interpretation, competitors interpret the choice of dramatic drama texts. Competitors play several parts, which are differentiated by different positions and sounds. Each character must be clearly differentiated, and competitors can also play one character.
Humorous Interpretation
In a Humorous Interpretation (shortened to HI or funny), a fun alternative to DI at the secondary school level, a competitor makes a choice of eight to ten minutes of a funny literary work. Sometimes combined with DI and, like DI, characters are distinguished by sound work.
Original comedy
Original comedy (OC) is similar to Humourous Interpretation, with a period of eight to ten minutes. Competitors write a piece of comic with an introduction, about three points and a conclusion that is not directly stated. There is usually a moral at the end of the story.
Serious_interpretation Serious interpretation
Serious interpretations, high school events, open to any literary works.
Duo Interpretation
Similar to DI and HI, the Duo Interpretation piece has at least two parts done by two people. Presenters are not allowed to make physical contact or eyes or use props, can only touch the ground with their feet.
Duet acts
The acting duet, with physical contact and eyes, is held in several states.
Prose, poetry and oral interpretation
Interpretation of poetry and prose and oral interpretation is an event that interprets the work of the author. Competitors read material from a black binder measuring 10 inches (250 mm). Because competitors interpret the lector with facial expressions and eye contact, memorizing is helpful; However, points can be deducted if the speech is too memorable and the competitor does not appear to read. The deadline ranges from four to ten minutes.
Maps Individual events (speech)
Individual tournament event
Individual game tournaments usually last for six to twelve hours to complete, with the longest tournament lasting several days. The tournament has 3-4 preliminary rounds, followed by semi and final rounds.
The speech rotation consists of performances by five to eight competitors, who are then ranked by a judge. Competitors from the same school usually do not compete with each other in the preliminary round, and are identified by the alphanumeric code to prevent bias by judges.
In the round, a competitor earns points for themselves and their team according to their rank by a judge. Top rivals from each team at each point of the event scores. At the awards ceremony, medals or trophies are awarded to individuals and team rewards are awarded to teams with the most points.
References
External links
Middle school links
- National Catholic Forensic League
- Stoa USA
- National Association of Forensic and Christian Communications
- National Forensic League
Result link
- eSpeech.net
- SpeechWire.com
- JoyOfTournaments.com
- forensictournament.net
- Tabroom.com
Speech resources
- Individual show times
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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