The history of Toyota began in 1933 with Toyoda Automatic Loom Works, a division dedicated to automobile production under the direction of the founder's son Kiichiro Toyoda. Kiichiro Toyoda had traveled to Europe and the United States in 1929 to investigate the production of cars and had begun researching gasoline-powered engines in 1930. Toyoda Automatic Loom Works was encouraged to develop automobile production by the Japanese government, requiring the production of domestic vehicles, China. In 1934, the division produced the first Type A engine, which was used on the first A1 model passenger car in May 1935 and the G1 truck in August 1935. The production of AA Model passenger cars began in 1936. The early vehicles had a striking resemblance. to Dodge Power Wagon and Chevrolet, with some parts that actually exchange with their native Americans.
Although Toyota Group is currently famous for its cars, Toyota is still in the textile business and is still making automatic looms, which are now computerized, and electric sewing machines are available worldwide.
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Toyota Motor Co. was founded as an independent and separate company in 1937. Although the founding family name is written in Kanji "??" (translated as "Toyoda"), the company name changed to a similar word in katakana - ??? (translated as "Toyota") because the latter has 8 sweeps that are considered a lucky number in East Asian cultures. Since Kanji is essentially a Chinese character, in Chinese-speaking markets, the company and its vehicles are still referred by the original Kanji name (simplified Chinese: traditional Chinese: ?? ; pinyin: f? ng tiÃÆ'¡n ), but with pronunciation Mandarin language.
During the Pacific War (World War II) the company was dedicated to producing trucks for the Japanese Imperial Army. Due to the severe shortage in Japan, military trucks are made as simple as possible. For example, the truck only has one lamp in the center of the hood. The war ended shortly before the Allied bombing schedule at Toyota's factories in Aichi.
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Postwar growth
After World War II, Japan experienced extreme economic hardship. Commercial passenger car production began in 1947 with the SA model. The company was on the verge of bankruptcy in late 1949, but the company eventually obtained a loan from a consortium of banks that established independent sales operations and the elimination of "excess labor".
In June 1950, the company produced only 300 trucks and almost went bankrupt. Management announced layoffs and wage reductions, and in response the union conducted a two-month strike. The strike was resolved with an agreement that included layoffs and paying for a reduction but also the resignation of the then president, Kiichiro Toyoda. Toyoda was replaced by Taizo Ishida, who is chief executive of Toyoda Automatic Loom. The first few months of the Korean War resulted in orders of more than 5,000 vehicles from the US military, and the company was revived. Ishida is credited because of its focus on investing in equipment. One such example was the construction of the Motomachi Plant in 1959, which gave Toyota a decisive advantage over Nissan during the 1960s.
In 1950, a separate sales company, Toyota Motor Sales Co., was established (which lasted until July 1982). In April 1956, Toyopet dealer chain was established. In 1957, the Crown became the first Japanese automaker to be exported to the United States and Toyota's division of America and Brazil, Toyota Motor Sales Inc. and Toyota do Brasil SA , is also established.
Global presence
Toyota began to develop in the 1960s with new research and development facilities, presence in Thailand established, 10 million models produced, Deming Prize, and partnerships with Hino Motors and Daihatsu also established. The first Toyota built outside Japan in April 1963, in Melbourne, Australia. From 1963 to 1965, Australia was Toyota's largest export market. By the end of the decade, Toyota has built a worldwide presence, because the company has exported one million units.
The first Japanese vehicle to arrive in North America was the five Land Cruisers in El Salvador in May 1953.
The first Toyota shipped to Europe were two Toyopet Tiaras who were sent to Finland for evaluation in June 1962, but no sales were followed. The first European importer was Erla Auto Import A/S of Denmark, which brought 190 Crowns after the May 1963 agreement to become a distributor for Denmark, Norway and Sweden. The Dutch followed in May 1964, and after establishing toeholds in countries with little or no indigenous car production, other markets followed in 1966. In 1968 Toyota established its first European CKD fabricator, Salvador Caetano I.M.V.T. from Portugal.
2008-2010
With high fuel prices and a weak US economy in mid-2008, Toyota reported a double-digit drop in sales for June, similar to the figures reported by the Detroit Big Three. For Toyota, this is mainly due to the slow sales of Tundra pickups, as well as the shortage of fuel-efficient vehicles such as the Prius, Corolla and Yaris. In response, the company has announced plans to empty its truck plant, while shifting production at another facility to produce in-demand vehicles.
In January 2010, Toyota stopped the sale of eight models of recalled vehicles to fix the gas pedals with mechanical problems that could cause them to jam. In December 2012, Toyota announced an agreement worth more than US $ 1 billion to resolve a lawsuit involving unwanted acceleration in some of its vehicles.
References
External links
- Main History of Toyota Motor Corporation
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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