A software engineer is a person who implements software engineering principles for the design, development, maintenance, testing, and evaluation of computer software.
Before the mid-1970s, software practitioners called themselves computer programmers or software developers, regardless of the actual work. Many people prefer to call themselves software developers and programmers, because they most agree on what this term means, while the true meaning of software designers still debated.
Video Software engineer
Education
Half of all practitioners now have a degree in computer science, information systems, or information technology. A small number of practitioners who are still growing have software engineering degrees. In 1987, Imperial College London introduced the first three years of software engineering degree in England and the world; the following year, Sheffield University established a similar program. In 1996, the Rochester Institute of Technology established the first software engineering degree program in the United States, however, it did not gain ABET accreditation until 2003, the same time as Rice University, Clarkson University, Milwaukee Technical School and Mississippi State University acquired them. In 1997, PSG College of Technology in Coimbatore, India was the first to embark on a five-year Master of Science degree in Software Engineering.
Since then, a bachelor's degree in software engineering has been established in many universities. The standard international curriculum for a recent software engineering degree is defined by the CCSE. In 2004, in the US, about 50 universities offer software engineering degrees, which teach both the principles and practice of computer science and engineering. The first software engineering degree Master was established at Seattle University in 1979. Since then a bachelor's degree in software engineering has been available from more universities. Likewise in Canada, the Canadian Engineering Accreditation Council (CEAB) of the Council of Professional Engineers of Canada has recognized several software engineering programs.
In 1998, the US Navy Graduate School (NPS) established the first doctorate program in Software Engineering in the world. In addition, many advanced online degrees in Software Engineering have emerged like the title of Master of Science in Software Engineering (MSE) offered through the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at California State University, Fullerton. Steve McConnell argues that since most universities teach computer science rather than software engineering, there is a shortage of true software engineers. ETS University and UQAM (Università © du QuÃÆ'  © bec ÃÆ' MontrÃÆ' © al) are mandated by the IEEE to develop the Software Knowledge Engineering Agency (SWEBOK), which has become an ISO standard that describes the body of knowledge covered by a software engineer.
Other degrees
In business, some software engineering practitioners have a degree of computer information system or MIS. In embedded systems, some have electrical engineering, electronic engineering, computer science with an emphasis on "embedded systems" or computer engineering degrees, since embedded software often requires a detailed understanding of the hardware. In medical software, practitioners may have medical information, general medicine, or biology degree.
Some practitioners have math, science, engineering or technology (STEM) degrees. Some have philosophy (certain logic) or other non-technical titles. For example, Barry Boehm earned a degree in mathematics. And others do not have degrees.
Maps Software engineer
Profession
Jobs
Most software engineers work as employees or contractors. Software engineers work with businesses, government agencies (civil or military), and nonprofit organizations. Some software engineers work on their own as software consulting engineers. Some organizations have specialists to perform all tasks in the software development process. Other organizations separate software engineers based on specific software engineering tasks. These companies sometimes hire apprentices (maybe university or college students) in no time. In large projects, software engineers are distinguished from those who specialize in just one role because they take part in project design and programming. In small projects, software engineers will usually fill some or all roles at the same time. Specialties include:
- in the industry (analysts, architects, developers, testers, technical support, managers)
- in the academic world (educator, researcher)
There is much debate about future job prospects for Software Engineers and other IT Professionals. For example, an online futures market called Future of IT Jobs in America is trying to answer whether there will be more IT jobs, including software engineers, in 2012 than in 2002. Possible opportunities for progress can be as Software Engineer, then to Senior Software Engineer, or directly to Senior Software Engineer, depending on your skills and reputation. There are services that try to measure an engineer's coding capabilities better, given that not all engineers develop their abilities at the same level, and to make it easier for employers and employees to find a good partner in terms of work.
Software developers working in academia in the UK have established and fostered the concept of "Research Software Engineer" (RSE).
Work
The work is office-based, and most of the work is done during normal office hours, but it can sometimes cause work and work late or over the weekend, depending on where and when the client is located. Jobs can also be done at home or anywhere the computer is set up.
The impact of globalization
Most students in developed countries have avoided titles related to software engineering for fear of offshore outsourcing (importing software products or services from other countries) and being displaced by foreign visa workers. Although current government statistics do not indicate a threat to the software engineering itself; related careers, computer programming seems to have been affected. Often a person is expected to start as a computer programmer before being promoted to software engineer. Thus, career paths to software engineering may be crude, especially during times of recession.
Some career counselors suggest that a student also focus on "people skills" and business skills rather than pure technical skills because such "soft skills" are thought to be more difficult to offshore. Reasonable orders for reading, writing & amp; speak english spoken by most entrepreneurs. This is a quasi-management aspect of software engineering that seems to be what prevents it from being affected by globalization.
Gift
There are several rewards in the field of software engineering:
- The CODiE Award is an annual award issued by the Information and Software Industry Association for excellence in software development in the software industry.
- The Jolt Awards are an award in the software industry.
- The Stevens Award is a software engineering award provided to commemorate Wayne Stevens.
Use the title" Engineer "
The origin of the term
Margaret Hamilton promoted the term "software engineering" during her work on the Apollo program. The term "engineering" is used to acknowledge that work must be taken as seriously as any other contribution to technological progress. Hamilton details his use of the term:
When I first discovered the term, no one had heard it before, at least in our world. It's a joke that's been going on for a long time. They like to lie to me about my radical ideas. It was an unforgettable day when one of the most respected hardware teachers explained to everyone at a meeting that he agreed with me that the process of building software should also be regarded as an engineering discipline, just like hardware. Not because he accepts the new "term" itself, but because we have earned and accepted others in the room as an engineering field in itself.
Conformity of terms
One can argue that software engineering implies a certain level of academic training, professional discipline, formal process adherence, and especially legal responsibilities that are often not applied in the case of software development. A common analogy is that working in construction does not make a person a civil engineer, and thus writing code does not make a software engineer. Furthermore, since computation does not use the common mathematical methods of physics for all conventional engineering disciplines, it is more appropriate to refer to those involved in this work as software developers or similar.
In 1978, computer scientist E. W. Dijkstra wrote in a paper that coining from the term software engineer is useless because of an improper analogy:
The existence of a mere term has become the basis of a very superficial - and false - analogy that only puzzles the problem... Computers are amazing tools that there is good reason to assume that most analogy with other disciplines is too superficial to be positive, even so shallow so just confusing.
In the last decade, at least one radical new approach has entered the mainstream of software development (eg Structured Programming, Object Orientation), implying that the field is still changing too quickly to be considered an engineering discipline. Proponents argue that radically alleged new approaches are more evolutionary than revolutionary.
Each commentator does not agree sharply on how to define software engineering or legitimacy as an engineering discipline. David Parnas said that software engineering is, in fact, a form of engineering. Steve McConnell has said that it is not, but it should be. Donald Knuth says that programming is both art and science. Edsger W. Dijkstra states that the terms software engineering and software engineers have been abused and should be considered hazardous, especially in the United States.
Regulatory classification
Canada
In Canada the use of Engineer jobs is controlled in each province by a self-regulating professional engineering organization that is also tasked with law enforcement. The point is that every individual who refrains as an engineer has been verified to be educated to a certain accredited level and their professional practice is subject to the code of ethics and peer supervision. It is also illegal to use an Engineer degree in Canada unless an individual is licensed.
In Ontario, the Professional Engineering Law establishes a minimum education level of a three-year diploma in technology from the College of Applied Arts and Technology or a degree in a relevant science field. However, engineering students and all other applicants are not allowed to use an engineer's degree until they complete a minimum amount of work experience for four years in addition to completing the Professional Practice Exam (PPE). If applicants do not hold a bachelor's degree in engineering then they may have to follow the Confirmatory Practice Exam or Specific Examination Program unless the exam requirement is waived by the committee.
IT professionals with degrees in other fields (such as computer science or information systems) are prohibited from using the title of Software Engineer, or the words of Software Engineer in a title, depending on the province or region residence.
In some cases, cases have been brought to court regarding the illegal use of an Engineer-protected title.
French
In French, the term ingÃÆ' Â © nieur (engineer) is not a protected title and can be used by anyone, even by those who do not have an academic degree.
However, the title IngÃÆ'Â Â © nieur DiplomÃÆ'Â © Â © (Engineer Graduate) is an official academic title protected by the government and attributed with the DiplÃÆ''me d'IngÃÆ' Â © nieur , which is one of the most prestigious academic titles in France.
Iceland
The use of the title tÃÆ'¶lvunarfrÃÆ'Â|ÃÆ' Â ° ingur (computer scientist) is protected by law in Iceland. Software engineering is taught in the Computer Science department at the Icelandic university. Iceland's Law states that permits must be obtained from the Minister of Industry when a degree is awarded abroad, before using the title. The title is given to those who have earned a BSc in Computer Science from a recognized higher education institution.
New Zealand
In New Zealand, the New Zealand Professional Engineer Institute (IPENZ), which licenses and regulates state leased engineers (CPEng), recognizes software engineering as a legitimate branch of professional engineering and accepts applications of software engineers to obtain leased status provided he or she owns a tertiary degree from an approved subject. Software Engineering is included whereas Computer Science is usually not.
United States
The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) classifies computer software engineers as subcategories of "computer specialists", along with jobs such as computer scientists, programmers, and network administrators. BLS classifies all other engineering disciplines, including computer hardware engineers, as engineers.
Many countries prohibit unlicensed people from calling themselves as Engineer or show branches or specializations not covered by license actions. In many countries, the Engineer degree is provided to individuals with a Professional Engineering license indicating that they have demonstrated a minimum level of competency through accredited engineering education, qualified engineering experience, and technical council checks.
Texas and Florida are the states that govern the use of terms such as computer engineers and software engineers .
There is also a new Professional Engineer (PE) exam that begins in April 2013 for Software Engineering especially as more stringent regulatory processes are moving forward.
See also
- Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
- Bachelor Degree in Software Engineering
- Software engineer consultation
- Unmute the Engineer
- The Software Engineering Institute
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
0 Comments