CancÃÆ'ºn ( or ; Spanish pronunciation: Ã, [ka? 'kun] ) is a city in southeastern Mexico on the northeastern coast of the YucatÃÆ'¡n Peninsula in the state of Quintana Roo, Mexico. This is an important tourist destination in Mexico and the seat of the municipality Benito JuÃÆ'¡rez. The city is in the Caribbean Sea and is one of the most eastern points of Mexico.
CancÃÆ'ºn is in the northern coast of Mexico's Caribbean coastal resort known as the Mayan Riviera. In older English documents, the name of the city is sometimes spelled "Cancoon," an attempt to convey the voice of the name.
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Etimologi dan lambang
There are two possible translations of CancÃÆ'Â º n , based on the pronunciation of the Maya . The first translation is "snake nest". The second and less accepted version is "a place of gold snake".
The municipal shield Benito JuÃÆ'¡rez, representing the city of CancÃÆ'ºn, was designed by Mexican-American artist Joe Vera. It is divided into three parts: the blue color represents the Caribbean Sea, the yellow sand, and the sun with its rays.
Maps Cancún
History
As documented in the earliest colonial sources, the island of CancÃÆ'ºn was originally known to its inhabitants Maya as Nizuc (Yucatec Maya [ ni? Su? Uk ]) meaning either "cape" or "grass point". In the years after the Conquest, most of the Maya population died or went away as a result of illness, war, piracy, and famine, leaving only a small settlement on Isla Mujeres and Cozumel Island.
CancÃÆ'ºn, Cancum or Cankun names first appeared on the 18th century map. The meaning of CancÃÆ'ºn is unknown, and it is also unknown whether the name came from Maya. If it comes from Maya, possible translations include "Place/Seats/Throne of Snakes" or "Enchanted Snake". Snake iconography is common on pre-Columbus Nizuc sites.
When the construction of the area as a resort began on January 23, 1970, Isla CancÃÆ'ºn only has three inhabitants, the gardener of the coconut Don JosÃÆ' deà © de JesÃÆ'ºs Five GutiÃÆ'  © rrez, who lives on Isla Mujeres. Around 117 people live near Puerto Juarez, a fishing village and military base.
Due to the unwillingness of investors to gamble in an unknown area, the Mexican federal government has to pay for the first nine hotels. The first financed hotel is the Hyatt, CancÃÆ'ºn Caribe, but the first hotel built is the Playa Blanca, which then became the Blue Bay hotel. Now called Temptation Resort. At that moment was an elite destination, famous for its virgin white sand beaches.
The city began as a tourism project in 1974 as an Integrated Planned Center, a pioneer of FONATUR (Fondo Nacional de Fomento al Turismo), formerly known as INFRATUR. Since then, it has undergone a comprehensive transformation from being a fishing island surrounded by virgin forests and undiscovered beaches to one of Mexico's two most famous resorts, along with Acapulco. The World Tourism Organization (WTO), through its foundation UNWTO-Themis, awarded Best of the Best "for excellence and good governance" to the Trust for Tourism Promotion of Cancun on February 3, 2007. This award ensures Cancún n ongoing support from the WTO's Department of Education and Knowledge Management.
Most 'Cancunenses' come from YucatÃÆ'¡n and other Mexican states. More and more numbers come from America and Europe. The municipal government has struggled to provide public services for constant entry of people, as well as restricting squatters and irregular growth, now occupying about ten to fifteen percent of the suburban land area.
In the 21st century, CancÃÆ'ºn has largely avoided the bloodshed associated with the illegal drug trade, but is known for selling its retail drugs to tourists as well as being a money laundering center. Relationship with Cancún dates from the 1990s and early 2000s, when the area was controlled by the JuÃÆ'¡rez and Gulf drug cartels. In recent years Los Zetas, a group that broke away from the Gulf Cartel, has mastered many smuggling routes through YucatÃÆ'¡n, according to the US Drug Control Agency.
The 2010 UN Climate Change Conference was held in CancÃÆ'ºn from 29 November to 10 December of that year.
City layout
Apart from the island's tourist zone (part of the world's second longest coral reef), the Mexican settlement section of the city, the central part of the city known as "El Centro," follows a master plan consisting of "superblocks", giant trapezoids with an area central, open, non-residential cut by the shaped streets of u-shaped. These open centers usually have walkways and 'sidewalks' around the central garden park, or soccer field, or library, etc. Which makes the mainland "Mexico" CancÃÆ'ºn friendly-bike. Residential roads in the center or 'Mainland' CancÃÆ'ºn, U-shaped and culs-de-sacs, isolate the housing from the noise and traffic congestion mainstream. Mainland CancÃÆ'ºn has a central market resembling a mall outlet, colorful buildings in a pedestrianized city block.
Ave. Tulum is the main north-south artery, connecting the city center to the airport, which is about 30 km (19 mi) south of the city center. Tulum is split by Ave. Try. East Ave. Tulum, Try to be Ave. Kukulcan serves as the main road through the 7 shaped hotel zone. Ave. Tulum ends on the north side on Ave. Paseo JosÃÆ'  © LÃÆ'³pez Portillo that connects to the main highway to the west to Chichà ©  © ItzÃÆ'¡ and MÃÆ'  © rida. The other main north-south road is Ave. Bonampak that runs approximately parallel to Ave. Tulum. The main ferry to Isla Mujeres is located in Puerto Juarez, on Ave. Paseo JosÃÆ'  © LÃÆ'³pez Portillo.
To save on the cost of installing sewer systems and other public services, the design of most of the rest of the city was returned to the network plan after Hurricane Gilbert in 1988. The new upper-middle-class residential area reflects the original plan, but is much less intimate. The cheaper construction is almost entirely composed of identical one-story or two-story houses, sometimes built around an interior square or four-story apartment block. To date, most of the mainland buildings are four levels or shorter; Since 2005, there has been an influx of condominiums and luxury retail and office space concentrated along Ave. Bonampak.
The mainland or downtown area of ​​CancÃÆ'ºn has deviated from the original plan; construction spread around the city. The remnant of undeveloped beaches and lagoon front areas outside the hotel zone are now under various stages of development, in Punta Sam and Puerto Juarez to the north, continuing along Bonampak and south to the airport along the Donaldo Colosio Boulevard. One of the developments adjacent to the hotel zone is Puerto CancÃÆ'ºn, also Malecon CancÃÆ'ºn is another major development.
The old Tower Tower Memorial in Cancun Airport
Although it is a young city, Cancun has its foundation memorial monument on the replica of the old Airport Control Tower that resembles its own foundation date. The original Control tower is a temporary wooden structure to meet the needs of the newly established airport operations. Some documents in the city say that at that time no other formal building was built in the city, which is probably the first structure built from recent history in Cancun.
The old airport is located in the same part of town today on Kabah Avenue. The tower is 15 meters high, has 45 steps steps, and has a basic dimension of 5 x 5 meters. The memorial was first built in 2002, with the donation of Aerocaribe, a local airline, but the building was damaged after Hurricane Wilma in 2005. After claims from local people asking to rebuild the memorial tower, a new version was built on in 2010., which was later left without proper care until Woox Pinturas, another local timber maintenance company, contributed to restore the structure to its original appearance.
Maya archaeological site
There are some small Mayan Mayan from the pre-Columbian Maya civilization in CancÃÆ'ºn. El Rey (Las Ruinas del Rey) is located in the Hotel Zone. El Meco, a more important site, is found on the mainland just outside the city limits on the road north to Punta Sam.
Close to the Mayan Riviera and Grand Costa Maya, there are sites like Coba and Muyil (Riviera), Little Polà © (now Xcaret), and Kohunlich, KinichnÃÆ'¡, DzibanchÃÆ' ©, Oxtankah, Tulum, and Chacchoben, in the southern part of the state. ChichÃÆ'  © n ItzÃÆ'¡ is in the neighboring state of YucatÃÆ'¡n.
Transportation
CancÃÆ'ºn is serviced by CancÃÆ'ºn International Airport with an additional major runway which began operation in October 2009. It has many flights to North America, Central America, South America, Asia and Europe. Located in the northeast of the YucatÃÆ'¡n Peninsula serving an average of about fifteen million passengers per year. The airport is located about 20 km (12 miles) from the hotel zone, about 20 minutes away by car. Isla Mujeres is located off the coast and accessible by ferry from Puerto JuÃÆ'¡rez and Playa Tortugas at Zona Hotel.
CancÃÆ'ºn is also served by three private bus lines that connect it to the city center and the "hotel zone" as well as further destinations such as Playa del Carmen and Tulum.
Climate
CancÃÆ'ºn has a tropical climate, especially the tropical monsoon climate (KÃÆ'¶ppen Am ), with slight temperature differences between seasons, but is pronounced rainy and dry season. The city is hot throughout the year, and moderated by the terrestrial wind trade, with an average annual temperature of 27.1 ° C (80.8 ° F). Unlike the inland areas of the YucatÃÆ'¡n Peninsula, sea breezes limit the high temperatures from reaching 35 Ã, Â ° C (95Ã, Â ° F) in most afternoons. Annual rainfall of about 1,340 millimeters (52.8 inches), falls at 115 days per year.
More climatic conditions occur from November to February with a refreshing northerly breeze, drier and hotter in March and April. It's hottest from May to September, due to its proximity to the Caribbean and high Gulf moisture throughout the year, especially during hurricane season (averaging nearly 70% on days without rain). The hotel zone jutted into the Caribbean Sea, surrounded by oceans so that daytime temperatures are about 1-2C less and wind speeds are higher than those at inland hubs, which is the official meteorological station for CancÃÆ'ºn, on average as shown below.
Thanks to the current YucatÃÆ'¡n constantly bringing warm water from the south further, the sea temperature is always very warm, with the lowest temperatures of 79Ã, ° F (26Ã,  ° C) in winter and the highest 84Ã, ° F (29à ,  ° C)) in the summer.
The tropical storm season lasts from May to December, the wet season extends to January with peak rainfall in October. February to early May tend to be drier only with scattered showers. CancÃÆ'ºn is located in one of the Caribbean storm impact regions. Despite the massive storms rare, they have hit near CancÃÆ'ºn in recent years, Hurricane Wilma in 2005 became the largest. Hurricane Gilbert made a devastating direct hit in CancÃÆ'ºn in September 1988 and the tourist hotels needed to be rebuilt. In both cases, federal, state and municipal governments are prepared to handle most of the effects on tourists and locals. Hurricane Dean in 2007 also made a mark in the city of CancÃÆ'ºn.
Storm Gilbert
The 1988 storm Gilbert was the second strongest storm ever found in the Atlantic valley. It landed on the YucatÃÆ'¡n peninsula after crossing the island of Cozumel. In the CancÃÆ'ºn region, a loss of $ 87 million (1989 USD) due to a decrease in tourism is predicted for October, November and December 1988.
Hurricane Wilma
On October 21, 2005, Hurricane Wilma made landfall on Mexico's YucatÃÆ'¡n Peninsula as a powerful category 4 hurricane, with strong winds of over 150 mph (240 km/h). The first storm eye passes through Cozumel island, and then makes an official landing near Playa del Carmen in the state of Quintana Roo around midnight on Oct. 22 EDT with winds near 140 mph (230 km/h). Parts of the island of Cozumel experience Wilma's calm eyes for several hours with blue sky and sunlight that can be seen several times. The eye slowly drifts to the north, with the center pass right just west of CancÃÆ'ºn, Quintana Roo.
Hurricane Dean
Two years later after Hurricane Wilma, in 2007, Hurricane Dean made the landing as Category 5 hurricane at Majahual, 190 miles (310 km) south of CancÃÆ'ºn. Strong winds at the edge of cone impact Duri stripped of sand from the 7.5 miles (12.1 km) coast from Punta CancÃÆ'ºn (Camino Real Hotel de la puta) to Punta Nizuc (Club Med). The authorities asked tourism operators to delay sending tourists to CancÃÆ'ºn while Hurricane Dean approached, but asked the airlines to send an empty plane, which was then used to evacuate tourists already there.
Education
Although CancÃÆ'ºn is better known as a tourist destination and tourism, in recent years some colleges and universities have offered higher education to Mexican and foreign students.
Private schools in CancÃÆ'ºn include:
- Centro Educativo Monteverde
- American International School in Cancun
- Instituto cÅ © sare
Sports
The city has been home to Atlante F.C., the traditional football club of Mexico City, since 2007. Atlante F.C. transferred to Andrà © Quintana Roo Stadium in Cancun when the stadium opened. The game has a low presence in the previous stadium, Azteca Stadium, which has been hired. The team is currently playing at Ascenso MX, the second level of the Mexican football pyramid.
The city is also home to the Tigres de Quintana Roo baseball team, which plays in the Mexican League (LMB).
Drug trafficking network
The city has been devastated by acts of violence associated with drug trafficking. Between 2013 and 2016 there are 76 murders, by 2016 they counted 31 murders, and at least 193 during 2017, mostly related to drug trafficking, in urban nuclei and, various episodes of violence with firearms in so-called "Zona Hotelera". Starting in 2018 with a high wave of violence, Cancun is above the national average in homicide, only in January there were 33 murders, three times the number of murders in January 2017.
See also
References
External links
- (in Spanish) Official city government website
- CancÃÆ'ºn in Curlie (based on DMOZ)
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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